Kurtz D, Krieger J, Stierle J C
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1978 Dec;45(6):777-84. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90145-1.
The authors studied the direct and integrated EMG activities of the cricothyroid (CT) and chin muscles in 7 patients with the sleep apnea syndrome. They noted: (1) A tonic activity with phasic inspiratory reinforcements in the CT during wakefulness. (2) A decrease in the tonic activity without any modification of the phasic inspiratory reinforcement during sleep. (3) A decrease or even disappearance of the phasic activity during sleep-induced hypopneas. (4) A complete cessation of both the tonic and the phasic activities of the CT during obstruction apneas: resumption of respiration is marked by the reappearance first of the phasic inspiratory activity and secondly of the tonic one. (5) In some patients similar activities are recorded in the chin muscles during wakefulness, sleep and sleep apnea. These results favor possible obstruction of the upper airway at the laryngeal level: the conjunction of inhibition of the inspiratory activity of the laryngeal muscles with the subsequent closing of the glottis and inspiratory depressure could produce an obstruction.
作者研究了7例睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者环甲肌（CT）和颏肌的直接和整合肌电图活动。他们注意到：（1）清醒时CT有紧张性活动，吸气时有阶段性增强。（2）睡眠期间紧张性活动减弱，而阶段性吸气增强无变化。（3）睡眠诱发的呼吸浅慢期间，阶段性活动减弱甚至消失。（4）阻塞性呼吸暂停期间，CT的紧张性和阶段性活动完全停止：呼吸恢复时，首先出现阶段性吸气活动，其次是紧张性活动。（5）在一些患者中，清醒、睡眠和睡眠呼吸暂停期间颏肌记录到类似活动。这些结果支持上气道可能在喉部水平阻塞的观点：喉部肌肉吸气活动受抑制，随后声门关闭和吸气减压共同作用可能导致阻塞。
