Ricart W, González-Huix F, Conde V
Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Doctor Josep Trueta, Girona.
Med Clin (Barc). 1993 May 8;100(18):681-91.
Body composition measure by anthropometric parameters permits the detection of populations at risk of developing diseases with greater impact in public health and provides standard values of normality of nutritional state.
A prospective transversal study was carried out with a randomly selected sample of 6,445 individuals taken from 25,279 workers evaluated in Safety and Hygiene Centers during 1990. Chronically ill patients were excluded with 5,019 healthy individuals between 16 and 65 years of age being selected. The following data were obtained: height, weight, skin fold of the biceps and triceps, subscapular and abdominal and arm perimeter. Calculation of the weight/height, weight/height, weight/height, sum of two and four folds, mid-arm muscle circunference, area fo the arm, muscle area of the arm, adipose area of the arm and muscle adipose index was performed.
The tables of the percentiles 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 99 of the anthropometric parameters according to sex and age are presented. Significant differences were found among the age groups for the fat parameters which were greater from the third decade for the fold of the fat of the trunk in males and from the fourth decade of the fat parameters of the trunk and extremities of females. The muscle parameters successively increased in both sexes and for each age group up to the fourth decade and thereafter remained stable.
The values of the anthropometric parameters may be used as standard patterns of the working population in Catalonia. The differences between sexes and age groups, such as with the values of the Catalan population previously referred and those of the American population, indicate that the anthropometric measurements of body composition must be periodically determined to ensure adequate standards of each population.
通过人体测量参数来衡量身体成分，有助于发现那些患对公共卫生有较大影响疾病风险的人群，并提供营养状况正常的标准值。
进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究，从1990年在安全与卫生中心接受评估的25279名工人中随机抽取了6445名个体作为样本。排除慢性病患者，选取了5019名年龄在16至65岁之间的健康个体。获取了以下数据：身高、体重、肱二头肌和肱三头肌皮褶厚度、肩胛下和腹部皮褶厚度以及上臂围。计算了体重/身高、体重/身高、体重/身高、两处和四处皮褶厚度之和、上臂中部肌肉周长、上臂面积、上臂肌肉面积、上臂脂肪面积以及肌肉脂肪指数。
列出了按性别和年龄划分的人体测量参数第1、5、10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、95和99百分位数的表格。在年龄组之间发现脂肪参数存在显著差异，男性躯干脂肪皮褶厚度从第三个十年开始增加，女性躯干和四肢脂肪参数从第四个十年开始增加。肌肉参数在两性中以及每个年龄组中都依次增加，直至第四个十年，此后保持稳定。
人体测量参数值可作为加泰罗尼亚工作人群的标准模式。性别和年龄组之间的差异，例如与先前提及的加泰罗尼亚人群以及美国人群的值之间的差异，表明必须定期确定身体成分的人体测量值，以确保每个群体都有适当的标准。
