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层粘连蛋白卷曲螺旋结构域中的离子相互作用决定了链组装的特异性。

Ionic interactions in the coiled-coil domain of laminin determine the specificity of chain assembly.

作者信息

Beck K, Dixon T W, Engel J, Parry D A

机构信息

Institute for Biophysics, Johannes-Kepler-University, Linz, Austria.

出版信息

J Mol Biol. 1993 May 20;231(2):311-23. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1284.

Abstract

Laminins are a family of large (800 to 900 kDa) multidomain glycoproteins specifically found in basement membranes. They consist of one heavy A chain and two light chains B1 and B2, and several tissue-specific laminin isoforms exist. Chain assembly is mediated through the formation of a rod-like triple-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coil domain about 75 nm long. The interacting edges of the chains are mostly formed by hydrophobic residues in positions a and d of an (abcdefg)n heptad sequence repeat and by a distinct pattern of charged residues in positions e and g. Here, we have analyzed the sequences of known laminin chains in an effort to relate them to interaction potential. Initially, those sequences localized in the long arm were arranged in an optimum heptad-repeating scheme. The interacting edges between chains were then analyzed for interchain hydrophobic and ionic interactions. The short heptad blocks were allowed to shift axially with respect to each other to maximize the number of interactions. The number of hydrophobic interactions was very high and similar for all chain combinations, but especially so for homodimers. As these were not observed experimentally, it seems that hydrophobic interactions probably represent only a prerequisite for coiled-coil formation. The number of ionic interactions, however, directly resembles the interaction potential observed in in vitro experiments. In particular, the number of interchain ionic interactions is high for parallel heterodimer configurations of A and B chains, but low for homodimer arrangements. When the laminin isoform chains, rat s-laminin (B1s) and human merosin (Am), are included in the analysis, they show rather low numbers of mutual interactions but high ionic interaction potentials between them and distinct mouse laminin chains are predicted. For mouse laminin the analysis was extended to a full three-stranded coiled-coil structure. The highest number of interchain ionic interactions occurs for an anti-clockwise chain arrangement of A-->B1-->B2 when viewed from the N terminus. None of the laminin chains appears to be designed for the formation of homodimers, although such conformations are frequently found in other alpha-fibrous proteins.

摘要

层粘连蛋白是一类大型(800至900 kDa)多结构域糖蛋白,专门存在于基底膜中。它们由一条重链A和两条轻链B1和B2组成,并且存在几种组织特异性层粘连蛋白异构体。链组装是通过形成一个约75纳米长的棒状三链α-螺旋卷曲螺旋结构域来介导的。链的相互作用边缘主要由(abcdefg)n七肽序列重复中a和d位置的疏水残基以及e和g位置的独特带电残基模式形成。在这里,我们分析了已知层粘连蛋白链的序列,以试图将它们与相互作用潜力联系起来。最初,那些位于长臂中的序列以最佳的七肽重复模式排列。然后分析链之间的相互作用边缘,以确定链间的疏水和离子相互作用。允许短的七肽块相对于彼此轴向移动,以最大化相互作用的数量。疏水相互作用的数量非常高,并且对于所有链组合都是相似的,但对于同二聚体尤其如此。由于在实验中未观察到这些情况,似乎疏水相互作用可能仅代表卷曲螺旋形成的一个先决条件。然而,离子相互作用的数量直接类似于体外实验中观察到的相互作用潜力。特别是,对于A链和B链的平行异二聚体构型,链间离子相互作用的数量很高,但对于同二聚体排列则很低。当在分析中包括层粘连蛋白异构体链,大鼠s-层粘连蛋白(B1s)和人merosin(Am)时,它们显示出相当低的相互作用数量,但它们之间具有高的离子相互作用潜力,并且预测它们与不同的小鼠层粘连蛋白链之间存在明显的相互作用。对于小鼠层粘连蛋白,分析扩展到完整的三链卷曲螺旋结构。从N端看,当A→B1→B2呈逆时针链排列时,链间离子相互作用的数量最高。尽管在其他α-纤维蛋白中经常发现这种构象,但似乎没有一种层粘连蛋白链是为形成同二聚体而设计的。

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