Marks L E, Galanter E, Baird J C
John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 1995 Nov;57(8):1209-16. doi: 10.3758/bf03208377.
Do response-related processes affect perceptual processes? Sometimes they may: Algom and Marks (1990) produced different loudness exponents by manipulating stimulus range, and thereby also modified the rules of loudness summation determined by magnitude scaling. The present study manipulated exponents by having a dozen subjects learn prescribed power functions with exponents of 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 (re sound pressure). Subjects gave magnitude estimates of the loudness of binaural signals during training, and of monaural and binaural signals after training. During training, subjects' responses followed the nominal functions reasonably well. Immediately following training, subjects applied the numeric response scales uniformly to binaural and monaural signals alike; the implicit monaural-binaural loudness matches, and thus the basic rules underlying binaural summation, were unaffected by the exponent learned. Comparison of these results with those of Algom and Marks leads us to conclude that changing stimulus range likely influences underlying perceptual events, whereas "calibrating" a loudness scale through pretraining leaves the perceptual processes unaffected.
与反应相关的过程会影响知觉过程吗？有时可能会：阿尔戈姆和马克斯（1990）通过操纵刺激范围得出了不同的响度指数，从而也改变了由量值缩放确定的响度总和规则。本研究通过让12名受试者学习指数为0.3、0.6或1.2（关于声压）的规定幂函数来操纵指数。受试者在训练期间对双耳信号的响度进行量值估计，并在训练后对单耳和双耳信号进行量值估计。在训练期间，受试者的反应相当好地遵循了标称函数。训练刚结束时，受试者将数字反应量表统一应用于双耳和单耳信号；隐含的单耳-双耳响度匹配，以及双耳总和的基本规则，都不受所学指数的影响。将这些结果与阿尔戈姆和马克斯的结果进行比较，我们得出结论，改变刺激范围可能会影响潜在的知觉事件，而通过预训练“校准”响度量表不会影响知觉过程。
