Eastwood M, Porter R, Khan U, McGrouther G, Brown R
University College London, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rayne Institute, United Kingdom.
J Cell Physiol. 1996 Jan;166(1):33-42. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199601)166:1<33::AID-JCP4>3.0.CO;2-H.
The force generated in granulation tissue during wound contraction is thought to be cell mediated; however, it is unclear whether contractile forces are generated by fibroblast locomotion or contraction of myofibroblasts. To help clarify this question the force of this contraction can now be determined accurately in a human dermal fibroblast collagen lattice system using a novel instrument known as a Culture Force Monitor. Three distinct phases of contraction of such collagen gels could be identified over the first 24 hours. Most of the force generated by human dermal fibroblasts was produced during the first stage in parallel with cell attachment and associated changes in cell shape, and the appearance of cell processes. During this initial 24 hours no evidence could be found for the presence of myofibroblasts, but stereoscopic and electron microscopic analysis at a range of time points indicated that migratory fibroblasts were present in the system. Comparison of the contraction profiles of cells extracted from other tissues (tendon and articular cartilage), and extracted by different means from the same tissue specimen, indicated that different populations of fibroblasts can be distinguished on the basis of their pattern of contractions. It would seem that most of the force generated in this model is a result of fibroblast attachment and movement within the collagen lattice. Furthermore, different groups of fibroblasts, even within the same tissue, may vary in their contraction (hence locomotory) activity.
伤口收缩过程中肉芽组织产生的力被认为是细胞介导的；然而，目前尚不清楚收缩力是由成纤维细胞的移动产生的，还是由肌成纤维细胞的收缩产生的。为了帮助阐明这个问题，现在可以使用一种名为“培养力监测仪”的新型仪器，在人真皮成纤维细胞胶原晶格系统中准确测定这种收缩力。在最初的24小时内，可以识别出这种胶原凝胶收缩的三个不同阶段。人真皮成纤维细胞产生的大部分力是在第一阶段产生的，这一阶段与细胞附着以及细胞形状的相关变化和细胞突起的出现同时发生。在最初的24小时内，没有发现肌成纤维细胞存在的证据，但在一系列时间点进行的立体显微镜和电子显微镜分析表明，系统中存在迁移的成纤维细胞。对从其他组织（肌腱和关节软骨）中提取的细胞以及从同一组织标本中通过不同方法提取的细胞的收缩曲线进行比较，表明可以根据成纤维细胞的收缩模式区分不同的细胞群体。在这个模型中产生的大部分力似乎是成纤维细胞在胶原晶格内附着和移动的结果。此外，即使在同一组织内，不同组的成纤维细胞在收缩（即移动）活性方面也可能有所不同。
