Batt A M, Ferrari L, Abid A, Sabolović N
Centre du Médicament, URA CNRS 597, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy 1, France.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 1995 Aug;11(3-4):179-85. doi: 10.1007/BF00756521.
Various types of cells lines are used in pharmacotoxicology. Established cell lines are easily available, with few ethical restrictions. Some specific properties are preserved, although they have kept the phenotype of the original tissue, which is frequently a tumor phenotype. They are usually more resistant to toxic compounds than freshly isolated cells. Some drug-metabolizing enzymes are expressed and regulated in these cells. Immortalized cell lines are also of interest in toxicology. They are mainly examined for their potential in mutagenicity testing. These cells and numerous others of animal or human origin can be transfected with cDNA coding for human enzymes. They are used for determination of the individual enzyme involved in a particular metabolic pathway, or, when multiple transfections are successfully achieved, for mutagenicity testing. Regulation studies are also possible in such cells after transfection of DNA elements regulating gene transcription.
药物毒理学中使用了各种类型的细胞系。已建立的细胞系很容易获得，几乎没有伦理限制。尽管它们保留了原始组织的表型，而这种表型通常是肿瘤表型，但仍保留了一些特定特性。它们通常比新鲜分离的细胞对毒性化合物更具抗性。这些细胞中表达并调节一些药物代谢酶。永生化细胞系在毒理学中也很受关注。它们主要用于致突变性测试的潜力研究。这些细胞以及许多其他动物或人类来源的细胞可以用编码人类酶的cDNA进行转染。它们用于确定参与特定代谢途径的单个酶，或者在成功进行多次转染时用于致突变性测试。在转染调节基因转录的DNA元件后，也可以在这些细胞中进行调节研究。
