[Comparison of the effects of ketorolac and aspirin on hemostasis in the rabbit].

Samama C M, Daghfous M, Delaporte-Cerceau S, Nafziger J, Drouet L, Riou B, Coriat P

Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, GH Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris.

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1995;14(5):393-8. doi: 10.1016/s0750-7658(05)80391-0.

OBJECTIVE

Comparison of ketorolac with aspirin and placebo for the antithrombotic activity using the Folts' model of experimental arterial thrombosis and the perioperative blood loss.

STUDY DESIGN

Experimental randomized blinded study anaesthetized, tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated. Carotid blood flow variations were detected by a probe directly inserted around the artery and monitored by an electromagnetic flowmeter. A segment of the exposed carotid artery was de-endothelialized by gently squeezing the artery with a needle holder forceps, and an external constrictor was placed around it (stenosis 60%), to induce cyclic flow reductions (CFR). During 20 min, CFR rate was assessed. Animals were then randomized in 3 groups of 9: ketorolac (K) 1 mg.kg-1, aspirin (A) 10 mg.kg-1 or saline (S), injected intravenously (peripheral ear vein). After drug administration, CFR rate was assessed over 20 min, to determine the potential antithrombotic activity of the drug (curative phase). Thereafter, the opposite carotid artery was injured and stenosed and the occurrence of CFR was assessed over 20 min (preventive phase). The amount of blood loss of a xipho-pubic laparotomy with a spleen section was also measured 30 min after drug administration.

RESULTS

In all untreated animals, CFRs developed with a mean rate of 4 cycles/20 min. Aspirin completely abolished CFR during the curative phase in all rabbits, except in one. No effect was observed during this phase with ketorolac or saline. During the preventive phase, a partial inhibition of CFRs was induced by ketorolac and aspirin. Peri-operative bleeding was not increased significantly by ketorolac or aspirin. Postinjection bleeding-time did not differ between the three groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Ketorolac (1mg.kg-1) has not a strong antithrombotic activity. Ketorolac and aspirin do not increase peri-operative blood loss, and therefore do not seem to strongly interfere with haemostasis in the rabbit.