Andonopoulos A P, Yarmenitis S, Sfountouris H, Siamplis D, Zervas C, Bounas A
Department of Medicine, University of Patras School of Medicine, Greece.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1995 Sep-Oct;13(5):633-6.
To determine the prevalence of popliteal cyst (Baker's cyst) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), through the use of a very sensitive and non-invasive method, high resolution ultrasonography. The present is the first such report in the literature.
Ninety-nine unselected consecutive patients with RA, after undergoing routine clinical and laboratory evaluation, had knee radiographs and ultrasound examinations of both knees, the popliteal fossae and calves, using an Ultramark 9ATL apparatus with a 3 MHz curved array and 10 MHz linear array heads and color doppler ability.
A Baker's cyst was detected in 47 patients (47.5%) and in a total of 67 out of the 198 knees (33.8%). Four of the 67 cysts were ruptured. Only 29 of the 67 cysts (43.3%) had been diagnosed clinically. A statistically significant correlation was found between the presence of a Baker's cyst and clinical and radiologic involvement of the knee by rheumatoid arthritis (p < 0.025, and p < 0.05 respectively). There was a highly significant correlation between the presence of a cyst and ultrasonographically demonstrated joint effusion (p < 0.001).
Baker's cyst is very common in RA but it may escape clinical detection. High resolution ultrasound scanning of the area is a simple, highly sensitive and non-invasive technique able to overcome this problem. Therefore, it should be more widely employed by clinicians in the diagnosis of popliteal cysts, which may sometimes be accompanied by significant morbidity.
通过使用一种非常敏感且非侵入性的方法——高分辨率超声检查，来确定类风湿关节炎（RA）中腘窝囊肿（贝克囊肿）的患病率。这是文献中首次此类报告。
99例未经挑选的连续RA患者，在接受常规临床和实验室评估后，使用配备3MHz弯阵探头和10MHz线阵探头且具备彩色多普勒功能的Ultramark 9ATL仪器，对双膝关节、腘窝和小腿进行了X线片和超声检查。
47例患者（47.5%）检测到贝克囊肿，198个膝关节中共67个（33.8%）发现囊肿。67个囊肿中有4个破裂。67个囊肿中只有29个（43.3%）在临床上被诊断出来。贝克囊肿的存在与类风湿关节炎导致的膝关节临床和放射学受累之间存在统计学显著相关性（分别为p < 0.025和p < 0.05）。囊肿的存在与超声显示的关节积液之间存在高度显著相关性（p < 0.001）。
贝克囊肿在RA中非常常见，但可能逃过临床检测。对该区域进行高分辨率超声扫描是一种简单、高度敏感且非侵入性的技术，能够克服这一问题。因此，临床医生在诊断腘窝囊肿时应更广泛地采用该技术，因为腘窝囊肿有时可能伴有明显的发病率。
