Supriyono A, Schwarz B, Wray V, Witte L, Müller W E, van Soest R, Sumaryono W, Proksch P
Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Würzburg, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 1995 Sep-Oct;50(9-10):669-74. doi: 10.1515/znc-1995-9-1012.
Analysis of the tropical marine sponge Axinella carteri afforded six unusual alkaloids, including the new brominated guanidine derivative 3-bromo-hymenialdisine. The structure elucidation of the new alkaloid is described. The alkaloid patterns of sponges collected in Indonesia or in the Philippines were shown to be qualitatively identical suggesting de novo synthesis by the sponge or by endosymbiontic microorganisms rather than uptake by filter feeding. All alkaloids were screened for insecticidal activity as well as for cytotoxicity. The guanidine alkaloids hymenialdisine and debromohymenialdisine exhibited insecticidal activity towards neonate larvae of the polyphagous pest insect Spodoptera littoralis (LD50s of 88 and 125 ppm, respectively), when incorporated into artificial diet and offered to the larvae in a chronic feeding bioassay. The remaining alkaloids, including the new compound were inactive in this bioassay. Cytotoxicity was studied in vitro using L5178y mouse lymphoma cells. Debromohymenialdisine was again the most active compound (ED50 1.8 micrograms/ml) followed by hymenialdisine and 3-bromohymenialdisine, which were essentially equitoxic and exhibited ED50s of 3.9 micrograms/ml in both cases. The remaining alkaloids were inactive against this cell line.
对热带海洋海绵卡特氏斧海绵进行分析，得到了六种不同寻常的生物碱，其中包括新的溴化胍衍生物3-溴-膜海鞘素。描述了这种新生物碱的结构解析过程。结果表明，在印度尼西亚或菲律宾采集的海绵的生物碱模式在质量上是相同的，这表明生物碱是由海绵或内共生微生物重新合成的，而不是通过滤食摄取的。对所有生物碱进行了杀虫活性和细胞毒性筛选。在人工饲料中添加胍生物碱膜海鞘素和去溴膜海鞘素，并在慢性喂养生物测定中提供给多食性害虫昆虫滨海灰翅夜蛾的新生幼虫时，它们表现出杀虫活性（LD50分别为88和125 ppm）。在该生物测定中，其余生物碱，包括新化合物，均无活性。使用L5178y小鼠淋巴瘤细胞在体外研究细胞毒性。去溴膜海鞘素再次成为最具活性的化合物（ED50为1.8微克/毫升），其次是膜海鞘素和3-溴膜海鞘素，它们的毒性基本相同，在两种情况下的ED50均为3.9微克/毫升。其余生物碱对该细胞系无活性。
