Silverstein M, Zablotsky D L
Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1996 May;51(3):S150-6. doi: 10.1093/geronb/51b.3.s150.
This study uses the developmental migration paradigm developed by Litwak and Longino (1987) as a framework to investigate the health and social determinants of late-life elderly mobility to retirement communities. Data from four waves of the Longitudinal Study of Aging are used to predict the likelihood of moving from the general community to two types of retirement communities--those with group meals and those without group meals. Multinomial logistic regression reveals that the likelihood of migrating to both types of retirement communities increases as disability advances to moderate levels, but declines as disability becomes severe. Migration to retirement communities is also more likely among elderly persons who live alone and among those whose children do not live nearby. The results suggest that retirement community migration in middle and late old age is motivated not only by social and amenity considerations, but also by the need for assisted living arising from physical frailty. Implications for developmental migration theory and long-term care policy are discussed.
本研究采用利特瓦克和朗伊诺（1987年）开发的发展性迁移范式作为框架，以调查晚年老年人迁移至退休社区的健康和社会决定因素。来自四轮老年纵向研究的数据被用于预测从普通社区迁移至两种类型退休社区的可能性——提供集体膳食的社区和不提供集体膳食的社区。多项逻辑回归显示，迁移至两种类型退休社区的可能性会随着残疾程度发展至中度而增加，但随着残疾程度变为重度而下降。独自生活的老年人以及子女不住在附近的老年人迁移至退休社区的可能性也更高。研究结果表明，中老年时期向退休社区的迁移不仅出于社会和便利设施方面的考虑，还源于身体虚弱而产生的辅助生活需求。文中讨论了对发展性迁移理论和长期护理政策的启示。
