Hom H L, Knight H
Department of Psychology Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield 65804, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 1996 Jun;157(2):180-90. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1996.9914856.
Mothers' predictions about the ability of their own children to delay gratification using different techniques were investigated. Fifty-one mothers of children 4 to 6 years old were asked to evaluate distraction, thinking about the incentive, tasting the incentive, and a control. These conditions were derived from the research of Mischel and his associates (1974), who demonstrated the effectiveness of distraction in aiding children's delay behavior. Parents were predicted to expect delay to be enhanced by the distraction technique and hampered by the thinking about the incentive and tasting the incentive techniques, with the latter being the least effective. Contrary to our predictions, mothers failed to predict effectiveness of distraction compared with the two incentive-focused techniques. Reasons are advanced for more research on parents' knowledge and valuing of metacognitive strategies appropriate for their children.
研究了母亲们对自己孩子使用不同技巧延迟满足能力的预测。51位4至6岁孩子的母亲被要求评估分心、思考奖励、品尝奖励和一个对照条件。这些条件源自米歇尔及其同事（1974年）的研究，他们证明了分心在帮助孩子延迟行为方面的有效性。预计家长会认为分心技巧会增强延迟能力，而思考奖励和品尝奖励技巧会阻碍延迟能力，其中品尝奖励技巧效果最差。与我们的预测相反，与两种以奖励为重点的技巧相比，母亲们未能预测分心的有效性。提出了理由，以促使对父母关于适合其孩子的元认知策略的知识和重视程度进行更多研究。
