Wöber-Bingöl C, Wöber C, Wagner-Ennsgraber C, Zebenholzer K, Vesely C, Geldner J, Karwautz A
Department of Neuropsychiatry of Childhood and Adolescence, University of Vienna, Austria.
Cephalalgia. 1996 Apr;16(2):107-12. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1602107.x.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the IHS criteria for migraine and tension-type headache depend on gender. Among 409 children and adolescents with recurrent idiopathic headache seen at a university outpatient clinic, girls had significantly more often migraine with aura. Also, there was a trend towards a higher frequency of tension-type headache in girls. In migraine, aggravation of headache by physical activity and occurrence of aura symptoms were more common in females, whereas vomiting and phonophobia occurred more often in males. In tension-type headache, females more often reported mild intensity of headache. All other criteria were similar in both sexes. Age influenced the expression of some of the accompanying symptoms in the various types of migraine, but had only minimal influence on other diagnostic criteria of migraine and tension-type headache in females as well as in males. Our study suggests that the frequency of migraine (except that of migraine with aura) is similar among girls and boys, that tension-type headache may occur more often in girls, and that gender has some influence on the IHS criteria for migraine, but almost no influence on those of tension-type headache.
本研究的目的是调查国际头痛协会（IHS）关于偏头痛和紧张型头痛的标准是否取决于性别。在一家大学门诊就诊的409例复发性特发性头痛的儿童和青少年中，女孩患伴有先兆偏头痛的比例显著更高。此外，女孩患紧张型头痛的频率也有更高的趋势。在偏头痛方面，体力活动会加重头痛以及出现先兆症状在女性中更为常见，而呕吐和恐声症在男性中更常出现。在紧张型头痛方面，女性更常报告头痛程度为轻度。所有其他标准在两性中相似。年龄影响了各种类型偏头痛中一些伴随症状的表现，但对女性和男性偏头痛及紧张型头痛的其他诊断标准影响极小。我们的研究表明，女孩和男孩中偏头痛的发生率（先兆偏头痛除外）相似，紧张型头痛在女孩中可能更常发生，性别对IHS偏头痛标准有一定影响，但对紧张型头痛标准几乎没有影响。
