Huguelet P, McQuillan A
Institutions Universitaires de Psychiatrie, Clinique de Psychiatrie II (Pr A. Haynal), Genève, Suisse.
Encephale. 1996 Jan-Feb;22(1):41-5.
Morphological and functional changes seen in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are reviewed. OCD and neurology are closely linked: some neurological diseases involving basal ganglia are sometimes associated with OCD symptoms; conversely, OCD patients often present neurological soft signs. Structural neuroimaging has shown reduced caudate nucleus volume among OCD patients. Functional neuroimaging demonstrated repeatedly an activation of the caudate nucleus and orbitofrontal cortex areas which reversed after treatment. Recent studies showed a correlation between induced OCD symptoms and an increase of the blood flow of the right caudate nucleus and the orbitofrontal cortex. A circuit linking the orbital cortex, the striatum and the thalamus is probably involved in OCD symptoms. However, it is not yet possible to find a causal lesion for this trouble.
本文综述了强迫症（OCD）中可见的形态学和功能变化。强迫症与神经学密切相关：一些累及基底神经节的神经疾病有时与强迫症症状相关；反之，强迫症患者常出现神经学软体征。结构神经影像学显示强迫症患者的尾状核体积减小。功能神经影像学反复证明尾状核和眶额皮质区域激活，治疗后这种激活会逆转。最近的研究表明，诱发的强迫症症状与右侧尾状核和眶额皮质血流增加之间存在相关性。连接眶皮质、纹状体和丘脑的环路可能与强迫症症状有关。然而，目前尚无法找到该疾病的确切病因。
