Matuja W P, Ndosi N K, Collins M
Department of Internal Medicine, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
East Afr Med J. 1995 Dec;72(12):761-5.
During a 24-month period, 205 consecutive new referrals to Muhimbili psychiatric unit were studied. Their socio-demographic characteristics, sources of referral, types of treatment received before referral and the nature of their clinical problems were identified. Their neuropsychiatric disorders were classified according to ICD-10. The ratio of males to females was found to be 1.6:1. The average age was 29.3 years. 23.4% of adult patients were unemployed, two fifths of all patients were single and 70% of all subjects had less than eight years of formal education. Whereas 42.9% of all referrals were from other departments of Muhimbili hospital, the remaining were largely from parastatal dispensaries, district and regional hospitals within Dar es Salaam city. At least a fifth of all patients had consulted traditional healers prior to referral and antimalarials had been given inappropriately to 34 patients with mental problems. Mental disorders consisted of functional psychosis, 36.6% of which three quarters were schizophrenia, neurosis (19.5%), seizures (16.6%), substance abuse (8.8%), organic mental disorders (5.3%), headache (4.9%), sexual dysfunction (2.9%). The rest had conduct disorders and pseudocyesis. Seventeen percent of all cases had concomitant physical disorders. Most patients had delayed to seek medical help.
在24个月的时间里，对连续转诊至穆希姆比利精神病科的205名新患者进行了研究。确定了他们的社会人口学特征、转诊来源、转诊前接受的治疗类型以及临床问题的性质。根据《国际疾病分类第10版》（ICD - 10）对他们的神经精神障碍进行了分类。发现男女比例为1.6:1。平均年龄为29.3岁。23.4%的成年患者失业，五分之二的患者单身，70%的患者接受正规教育的年限不足8年。所有转诊患者中，42.9%来自穆希姆比利医院的其他科室，其余大部分来自半官方药房、达累斯萨拉姆市内的地区和区域医院。至少五分之一的患者在转诊前咨询过传统治疗师，34名有精神问题的患者被不恰当地给予了抗疟疾药物。精神障碍包括功能性精神病，其中四分之三为精神分裂症，占36.6%，神经症（19.5%）、癫痫（16.6%）、药物滥用（8.8%）、器质性精神障碍（5.3%）、头痛（4.9%）、性功能障碍（2.9%）。其余患者患有品行障碍和假孕。所有病例中有17%伴有躯体疾病。大多数患者延迟寻求医疗帮助。
