[Carbohydrates--no glucose--in parenteral nutrition. A fading concept?].

An update is made on the binominal use/benefit of non-glucose carbohydrates (polyalcohols or polyols) in parenteral nutrition. The most recently published results, despite the controversy from different areas, have motivated the updating of the criteria metabolic aspects, indications and contraindications of the different carbohydrates alternatives of glucose (xylitol, sorbitol, glycerol, fructose), in the parenteral nutrition of patients with different degrees of aggression and situations of glucose intolerance or insulin resistance. It is known that, due to causes which are not entirely understood, non-glucose carbohydrates have not yet been considered as effective energy sources alternative to glucose in clinical situations described as unfavorable for their use. However, we may consider that in view of our own experience and that of previous publications, these carbohydrates have not only not decreased their use expectancy but, on the contrary, have increased as their advantages were clinically confirmed, without the appearance of major complications in this therapeutic modality. For this reason we consider that the understanding of the characteristics and the different metabolic aspects (pharmacological dose) of the polyols must make us review their clinical use, both alone as in different combinations.