Grechenig W, Clement H G, Fellinger M, Schleifer P, Tesch P N
Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz.
Unfallchirurgie. 1996 Jun;22(3):117-23.
In a first experimental study we investigated the visualisation of metal implants in reference to dimension, shape, material (titanium, steel, biodegradable screws) and surface structures and an eventual change of the echo pattern in correlation to the surrounding structures, the vicinity to bone and the change of the sound angle. For this purpose ultrasound investigation was performed in artificial and cadaver bones and in cadaver limbs after implantation of screws, plates, K-wires and cerclage wires. We found that metal implants of a certain dimension can be localised by typical artefacts (resonance artefact, comet tile artefact). In the following clinical study we investigated the value of ultrasound in finding and localisation of implants after osteosynthesis. In patients with 25 locking femur nailing, 30 locking tibia nailing, 30 osteosynthesis done by screws and plating, metal was easily localised by typical artefacts. Ultrasound examination gave the possibility to define the number of screws, the localisation to surrounding tissue, loosening of screws and eventual as sociated inflammatory tissue swelling (bursitis, tendovaginitis).
在第一项实验研究中，我们研究了金属植入物在尺寸、形状、材料（钛、钢、可生物降解螺钉）和表面结构方面的可视化情况，以及回声模式与周围结构、与骨的距离和声音角度变化之间的最终关系。为此，在植入螺钉、钢板、克氏针和环扎线后，对人工骨和尸体骨以及尸体肢体进行了超声检查。我们发现，一定尺寸的金属植入物可通过典型伪像（共振伪像、彗尾伪像）进行定位。在接下来的临床研究中，我们研究了超声在骨固定术后植入物查找和定位中的价值。在25例股骨锁定髓内钉、30例胫骨锁定髓内钉、30例螺钉和钢板固定的患者中，金属很容易通过典型伪像进行定位。超声检查能够确定螺钉数量、与周围组织的定位关系、螺钉松动情况以及是否存在相关的炎性组织肿胀（滑囊炎、腱鞘炎）。
