Nitric oxide-producing neurons remain intact after small bowel transplantation.

This study documents the fate of nitric oxide neurons following small bowel transplantation. Heterotopic, syngeneic small bowel transplants were performed in five male Lewis rats. The grafts were harvested 7, 36, 55, 60, and 65 days postoperatively, together with the native bowel for comparison. NADPH diaphorase staining of cryostat sections was used to identify the nitric oxide-producing neurons. NADPH diaphorase activity was concentrated in the myenteric plexus, deep muscular, and submucous plexus. No differences were detected between the transplanted and native bowel at any time after transplantation. This suggests that nitric-oxide-producing neurons are well preserved after transplantation and that posttransplant dysmotility is probably not related to interrupted nitric oxide innervation.