Temporal disorganization and inner-outer confusion in acute mental illness.

The authors found that changes in temporal disorganization covaried substantially and significantly with changes in Schneider's first-rank symptoms in 58 acutely ill psychiatric patients. Schneiderian symptoms reflect a confusion of inner and outer events; therefore, the findings suggest that difficulties in indexing events in time are closely related to problems in distinguishing experiences that arise within the self from outer experiences.