Kirby R K, Chauncey K B, Jones B G
Department of Family Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA.
Fam Med. 1995 Oct;27(9):576-80.
Despite current interest in the role of diet in disease prevention, physicians frequently lack adequate nutrition knowledge. This project sought to test family practice residents' nutrition knowledge, heighten their understanding of nutrition concepts, and implement a method of teaching nutrition in a residency program.
Following a pretest, family practice residents participated in four teaching sessions during a 5-month period conducted by a fellow resident who was also a dietitian. The residents were asked to keep a 3-day diet diary, which was analyzed with nutrition analysis software. A posttest measure changes in nutrition knowledge and interest. Pretests and posttests were also given to a control group of residents at another campus of the same university-administered program.
The intervention group's mean scores increased from 54.7% to 70% (P<.001). Residents who kept a diet diary increased their scores by 23.5%, compared with a 7.4% increase for those who did not. Scores for control-group residents who took both pretests and posttests fell from 43.4% to 42.1%.
Residents who attended lectures conducted by a family practice resident- dietitian and examined their diets showed remarkable improvement in posttest scores of nutrition knowledge. Factors most influential in increasing residents' nutrition knowledge include increasing residents' interest in nutrition, involving them in a longitudinal series of lectures, and providing support for their knowledge and its application.
尽管当前人们对饮食在疾病预防中的作用颇为关注，但医生往往缺乏足够的营养知识。本项目旨在测试家庭医学住院医师的营养知识，加深他们对营养概念的理解，并在住院医师培训项目中实施一种营养教学方法。
在进行预测试后，家庭医学住院医师在5个月内参加了由同为住院医师且是营养师的同行主持的4次教学课程。要求住院医师记录一份3天的饮食日记，并用营养分析软件进行分析。后测试衡量营养知识和兴趣的变化。在同一大学管理项目的另一个校区，对一组住院医师对照组也进行了预测试和后测试。
干预组的平均得分从54.7%提高到70%（P<0.001）。记录饮食日记的住院医师得分提高了23.5%，而未记录的住院医师得分提高了7.4%。参加了预测试和后测试的对照组住院医师得分从43.4%降至42.1%。
参加由家庭医学住院医师营养师主持的讲座并检查其饮食的住院医师，在营养知识后测试得分方面有显著提高。对提高住院医师营养知识最有影响的因素包括提高住院医师对营养的兴趣、让他们参与一系列纵向讲座，以及为他们的知识及其应用提供支持。
