Snyder G K
Department of Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 8030, USA.
Respir Physiol. 1995 Dec;102(2-3):293-301. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(95)00060-7.
Tissue capillarity and tissue enzyme activity (citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase) were determined for two red muscles and two white muscles from the domestic chicken during normal maturation and, for one red muscle, during muscle hypertrophy. Muscle fiber cross sectional area increased with muscle mass during normal maturation and with the additional increase in muscle mass following hypertrophy. Normal maturation and hypertrophy did not affect lactate dehydrogenase activity or citrate synthase activity for the muscles with anaerobic fiber types. Citrate synthase activity per unit muscle mass was positively correlated with muscle capillary density for the muscles with aerobic fiber types. Capillary to fiber ratios increased with fiber size and were significantly higher in muscles with aerobic fibers than in muscles with nonaerobic fibers. However, capillary densities decreased with maturation and with fiber hypertrophy. For each of the muscles sampled, the number of capillaries per unit linear distance of muscle fiber perimeter was independent of muscle fiber growth during normal maturation and during hypertrophy. The results from the present work are consistent with the hypothesis that muscle fiber type and muscle fiber surface area may be the primary determinants of capillary growth during normal maturation and during fiber hypertrophy.
在正常成熟过程中，测定了家鸡两块红色肌肉和两块白色肌肉的组织毛细血管密度以及组织酶活性（柠檬酸合酶和乳酸脱氢酶）；对于一块红色肌肉，还在肌肉肥大过程中进行了测定。在正常成熟过程中，肌纤维横截面积随肌肉质量增加而增加，在肥大后肌肉质量进一步增加时也是如此。正常成熟和肥大对具有无氧纤维类型的肌肉的乳酸脱氢酶活性或柠檬酸合酶活性没有影响。对于具有有氧纤维类型的肌肉，每单位肌肉质量的柠檬酸合酶活性与肌肉毛细血管密度呈正相关。毛细血管与纤维的比率随纤维大小增加，且具有有氧纤维的肌肉中的该比率显著高于具有无氧纤维的肌肉。然而，毛细血管密度随成熟和纤维肥大而降低。对于所采样的每块肌肉，每单位肌纤维周长线性距离的毛细血管数量在正常成熟和肥大过程中与肌纤维生长无关。本研究结果与以下假设一致，即肌纤维类型和肌纤维表面积可能是正常成熟和纤维肥大过程中毛细血管生长的主要决定因素。
