Littrell R A, Schneiderhan M
University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 1996 Nov-Dec;16(6 Pt 2):143S-147S; discussion 166S-168S.
The hypothesis that altered dopamine function is a major factor in the etiology of schizophrenia has persisted for some time, and changes in other neurochemical systems are strongly implicated as well. These findings are supported by the recent development of new, effective antipsychotic agents, such as clozapine and risperidone, whose actions are attributed to their combined serotonin and dopamine antagonism. In addition to their clinical efficacy, these agents are associated with substantially fewer extrapyramidal adverse effects. Continued research to identify the neurochemical alterations of psychotic diseases will undoubtedly have a favorable impact on the development of improved therapeutic regimens.
多巴胺功能改变是精神分裂症病因的主要因素这一假说已存在一段时间，并且其他神经化学系统的变化也被强烈牵连其中。新型有效抗精神病药物如氯氮平和利培酮的近期研发支持了这些发现，它们的作用归因于其对5-羟色胺和多巴胺的联合拮抗作用。除了临床疗效外，这些药物引起的锥体外系不良反应要少得多。持续开展研究以确定精神疾病的神经化学改变无疑将对改进治疗方案的研发产生积极影响。
