Katoh S, Shingu H, Ikata T, Iwatsubo E
Injury Prevention Committee of the Japan Medical Society of Paraplegia, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Japan.
Spinal Cord. 1996 Jul;34(7):416-21. doi: 10.1038/sc.1996.74.
The Injury Prevention Committee of the Japan Medical Society of Paraplegia (JMSoP) conducted a nationwide epidemiological survey on spinal cord injury (SCI) using postal questionnaires for 3 years periods from 1990 to 1992, and the annual incidence of the spinal cord injury was estimated as 40.2 per million. From this registry, we investigated SCI related to sports activities. In 3 years, 528 patients were registered and 374 of them had neurological deficits. The incidence was 1.95 per million per annum. Mean age at injury was 28.5 years (10-77), and 88.1% of the patients were males. Diving was the commonest cause of SCI (21.6%), which was followed by skiing (13.4%), football including rugby, American football and soccer (12.7%), sky sports (7.0%), judo (6.8%) and gymnastics (6.6%). Mean age at injury was higher than 30 years in skiing (38.6 years) and sky sports (38.2 years). Cervical injury was predominant in all but sky sports and accounted for 83.5% of SCI. Motor complete paralysis was reported in 35.0% of the patients. Bony injury was observed in 55.9% of the patients; most of the patients who sustained the SCI in diving and sky sports had bony injury, and no bony injury was detected in more than a half of the patients who sustained injuries in skiing, judo or gymnastics. Although the percentage of sports-related SCI was small in the present study as compared to the data from previous reports, it is not difficult to imagine the increase in the number of sports-related SCI. We have launched an injury prevention campaign and are planning to conduct a similar study in future to evaluate the effect of the campaign as well as the changes in the incidence and pattern of SCI.
日本截瘫医学会（JMSoP）损伤预防委员会在1990年至1992年的3年期间，通过邮政问卷对脊髓损伤（SCI）进行了全国性的流行病学调查，估计脊髓损伤的年发病率为百万分之40.2。从这个登记处，我们调查了与体育活动相关的脊髓损伤。在3年中，登记了528例患者，其中374例有神经功能缺损。发病率为每年百万分之1.95。受伤时的平均年龄为28.5岁（10 - 77岁），88.1%的患者为男性。潜水是脊髓损伤最常见的原因（21.6%），其次是滑雪（13.4%）、包括橄榄球、美式足球和足球在内的足球运动（12.7%）、空中运动（7.0%）、柔道（6.8%）和体操（6.6%）。滑雪（38.6岁）和空中运动（38.2岁）受伤时的平均年龄高于30岁。除空中运动外，颈椎损伤在所有运动中占主导地位，占脊髓损伤的83.5%。35.0%的患者报告有运动完全性瘫痪。55.9%的患者观察到有骨损伤；在潜水和空中运动中发生脊髓损伤的大多数患者有骨损伤，而在滑雪、柔道或体操中受伤的患者中，超过一半未检测到骨损伤。尽管与先前报告的数据相比，本研究中与运动相关的脊髓损伤比例较小，但不难想象与运动相关的脊髓损伤数量会增加。我们已经开展了一项损伤预防运动，并计划在未来进行类似的研究，以评估该运动的效果以及脊髓损伤发病率和模式的变化。
