锥虫中的基因交换。

Genetic exchange in trypanosomes.

作者信息

Gibson W

出版信息

Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg. 1996;151(2):203-10.

Abstract

The process of genetic exchange in trypanosomes was first described 10 years ago, when Jenni and colleagues obtained hybrid trypanosomes after cotransmitting 2 Trypanosoma brucei ssp. clones through the tsetse fly. The process is a non-obligatory part of the trypanosome life cycle and takes place in the fly, probably during development in the salivary glands. Nuclear DNA markers are inherited for the most-part in a mendelian fashion, indicating that meiosis is involved. However, there is no evidence for haploid gametes. Analysis of the inheritance of kinetoplast DNA, the trypanosome's mitochondrial DNA, indicates that trypanosome mitochondria fuse during genetic exchange, allowing parental kDNAs to mix. Population genetics analysis of natural T. brucei ssp. provides little support for random or widespread mating in the wild. However, even very rate mating events, by mobilising genes for drug resistance, virulence or human infectivity into other genetic backgrounds, could have implications for the generation of epidemics.

摘要

锥虫的基因交换过程最早于10年前被描述，当时詹尼及其同事通过采采蝇共同传播2个布氏锥虫亚种克隆后获得了杂交锥虫。该过程是锥虫生命周期中的一个非必需部分，发生在采采蝇体内，可能是在唾液腺发育过程中。核DNA标记大多以孟德尔方式遗传，这表明涉及减数分裂。然而，没有证据表明存在单倍体配子。对动基体DNA（锥虫的线粒体DNA）遗传的分析表明，锥虫线粒体在基因交换过程中融合，使亲本动基体DNA混合。对自然布氏锥虫亚种的群体遗传学分析几乎没有为野外随机或广泛交配提供支持。然而，即使是非常罕见的交配事件，通过将耐药性、毒力或人类感染性基因转移到其他遗传背景中，也可能对流行病的产生产生影响。