Sobel E, Caselli M A, Velez Z
New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, USA.
J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 1997 Jan;87(1):17-22. doi: 10.7547/87507315-87-1-17.
Sixty idiopathic toe walkers (age range 1 to 15 years) were evaluated to determine the natural history of toe-to-toe gait and the relationship between the range of ankle dorsiflexion and increasing age. The majority of toe walkers had a normal birth weight (average 7.06 pounds), walked on time (average 11.14 months), began toe walking immediately (87%), stood plantigrade (90%), were able to demonstrate a heel-toe gait (88%), and toe walked intermittently (68%). Forty-six percent of all toe walkers were found to have 0 degree or less of passive ankle dorsiflexion. Equinus toe walkers (mean dorsiflexion -5.2 degrees) had significantly less dorsiflexion than the remaining toe walkers (mean dorsiflexion 16.9 degrees; p < 0.01). An average of 12 degrees of dorsiflexion was resent in the 1-to 2-year age group, which gradually diminished to -4 degrees in the 6- to 15-year age group. It appears that there may be a relationship between persistent toe walking and the development of ankle equinus in some children and therefore interventions should be considered to inhibit the toe walking progression.
对60名特发性踮脚行走者（年龄范围为1至15岁）进行了评估，以确定脚尖对脚尖步态的自然史以及踝关节背屈范围与年龄增长之间的关系。大多数踮脚行走者出生体重正常（平均7.06磅），按时开始行走（平均11.14个月），立即开始踮脚行走（87%），能足底着地站立（90%），能够展示足跟到脚尖的步态（88%），且间歇性踮脚行走（68%）。所有踮脚行走者中有46%被发现被动踝关节背屈为0度或更小。马蹄足踮脚行走者（平均背屈-5.2度）的背屈明显少于其余踮脚行走者（平均背屈16.9度；p<0.01）。1至2岁年龄组平均有12度的背屈，在6至15岁年龄组逐渐减少至-4度。似乎在一些儿童中，持续踮脚行走与马蹄足的发展之间可能存在关联，因此应考虑采取干预措施来抑制踮脚行走的进展。
