Fluorescent labelled analogues of neuropeptide Y for the characterization of cells expressing NPY receptor subtypes.

Porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY), a 36 amino acid hormone of the pancreatic polypeptide family, and subtype selective analogues have been synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis. The peptides were labelled with Cy3, a commercially available fluorescent marker based on a cyanine dye, by solid phase strategy. During the cleavage a partial fragmentation of the fluorescent marker occurred. This has been investigated by means of HPLC and electrospray mass spectrometry. The labelled analogues of NPY showed high affinity to the NPY receptor subtypes Y1 and Y2. Thus, Cy3-NPY, Y1-selective Cy3-[Pro34] NPY and Y2 selective Cy3-[Ahx5-24] NPY were used to label SK-N-MC- and SMS-KAN-cells, which are stably expressing the Y1-(SK-N-MC) and the Y2-receptor subtype (SMS-KAN). The binding of the labelled analogues to the receptors was reversible and specific. The photoactivatable analogue, [(Tmd)Phe27] NPY, which showed high affinity to both receptor subtypes was labelled with Cy3 in solution. Whereas the fluorescent labelling of the cells with analogues without photoactivatable amino acid was reversible, successful photocrosslinking could be investigated by the irreversible staining of the cells using Cy3-[(Tmd)Phe27] NPY. These subtype selective analogues are exciting tools to trace receptors in tissues and to identify the pharmacologically characterized subtypes without radioactivity.