Beck-Sander A, Birchwood M, Chadwick P
Pathfinder Mental Health Trust, UK.
Br J Clin Psychol. 1997 Feb;36(1):139-48. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1997.tb01237.x.
This study explores factors influencing compliance with command hallucinations. The most widely acknowledged factor is the content of the command. Three categories of command content were found to be discrete in terms of compliance: "innocuous' commands, "severe' commands and commands to self-harm. This study takes a cognitive approach and highlights the importance of the beliefs individuals hold about their voices. Beliefs appear to be important in determining whether or not individuals comply with commands and the affect generated. A belief that the voice is benevolent was associated with compliance with both innocuous and severe commands. In addition, participants who believed they retained subjective control over their voices were less likely to comply with all types of command. Furthermore, qualitative evidence suggested that several other beliefs may influence compliance with command hallucinations such as beliefs about the effects of transgression, beliefs about the power and authority of the commander, beliefs about the social acceptability of the action (which may be closely correlated or synonymous with severity) and its effectiveness in achieving a valued goal. Further research is necessary to investigate the importance of these beliefs and their interrelationships more fully.
本研究探讨了影响对命令性幻听依从性的因素。最广为人知的因素是命令的内容。在依从性方面，发现命令内容有三类是不同的：“无害”命令、“严重”命令和自我伤害命令。本研究采用认知方法，强调了个体对其幻听所秉持信念的重要性。信念在决定个体是否依从命令以及所产生的影响方面似乎很重要。认为幻听是善意的信念与对无害和严重命令的依从性相关。此外，相信自己对幻听仍保持主观控制的参与者不太可能依从所有类型的命令。此外，定性证据表明，其他一些信念可能会影响对命令性幻听的依从性，例如关于违规后果的信念、关于命令者的权力和权威的信念、关于行动的社会可接受性（这可能与严重性密切相关或同义）及其在实现有价值目标方面的有效性的信念。有必要进行进一步研究，以更全面地调查这些信念的重要性及其相互关系。
