孔雀鱼（Poecilia reticulata）自然种群进化速率的评估。

Evaluation of the Rate of Evolution in Natural Populations of Guppies (Poecilia reticulata).

作者信息

Reznick DN, Shaw FH, Rodd FH, Shaw RG

机构信息

D. N. Reznick, Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. F. H. Shaw and R. G. Shaw, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. F. H. Rodd, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

出版信息

Science. 1997 Mar 28;275(5308):1934-7. doi: 10.1126/science.275.5308.1934.

DOI:10.1126/science.275.5308.1934

PMID:9072971

Abstract

Natural populations of guppies were subjected to an episode of directional selection that mimicked natural processes. The resulting rate of evolution of age and size at maturity was similar to rates typically obtained for traits subjected to artificial selection in laboratory settings and up to seven orders of magnitude greater than rates inferred from the paleontological record. Male traits evolved more rapidly than female traits largely because males had more genetic variation upon which natural selection could act. These results are considered in light of the ongoing debate about the importance of natural selection versus other processes in the paleontological record of evolution.

摘要

孔雀鱼的自然种群经历了一段模拟自然过程的定向选择。由此产生的成熟年龄和体型的进化速率，与在实验室环境中人工选择的性状通常获得的速率相似，比从古生物学记录推断出的速率高出多达七个数量级。雄性性状的进化比雌性性状更快，主要是因为雄性有更多可供自然选择作用的遗传变异。鉴于目前关于自然选择与进化古生物学记录中其他过程的重要性的争论，对这些结果进行了考量。