Homze E J, Harn S D, Bavitz B J
Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, USA.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1997 Mar;83(3):321-4. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(97)90236-5.
This article's purpose is to describe the variation in lingual artery position, review the anatomy and historical background of the smaller triangles of the anterior aspect of the neck, and discuss management of intraoral hemorrhage arising from the lingual artery.
Ninety-one extraoral dissections of the submandibular region were performed on 54 human cadavers.
Pirogoff's triangle was present in 58.2% of the cases. The lingual artery was inferior to the digastric tendon in 67% and 6.3 mm (+/-3.9 mm) superior to the hyoid bone. The lingual artery was inferior to the hypoglossal nerve in 84.6%, directly deep to the nerve in 11%, and superior to the nerve in 4.4%.
The lingual artery and hypoglossal nerve were more inferior than classically described. This finding suggests the need for a refinement of the extraoral ligation procedure, in which the facial artery is ligated first, and then, if necessary, the lingual artery is clamped and tied.
本文旨在描述舌动脉位置的变异情况，回顾颈部前侧较小三角区的解剖结构及历史背景，并探讨舌动脉所致口腔内出血的处理方法。
对54具人类尸体进行了91次下颌下区域的口外解剖。
58.2%的病例存在皮罗戈夫三角。舌动脉在67%的病例中位于二腹肌肌腱下方，且在舌骨上方6.3毫米（±3.9毫米）处。舌动脉在84.6%的病例中位于舌下神经下方，在11%的病例中直接位于神经深部，在4.4%的病例中位于神经上方。
舌动脉和舌下神经的位置比经典描述的更低。这一发现提示需要改进口外结扎手术，即先结扎面动脉，然后在必要时钳夹并结扎舌动脉。
