Polterauer P, Horak W
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1979 Aug 31;91(16):531-40.
Geographic area, age and sex influence the epidemiology of hepatoma. Aetiological factors are aflatoxins, sex hormones, thorotrast, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, immunosuppression, vinylchloride, parasites, cirrhosis of the liver, and the hepatitis-B virus. Early diagnosis of the tumour is possible using alpha 1-fetoprotein estimations and modern morphological methods, particularly scintiscanning. Tumour resection is therapeutically desirable, while selective chemotherapy remains palliative and liver transplantation failed to prolong survival.
地理区域、年龄和性别影响肝癌的流行病学。病因学因素包括黄曲霉毒素、性激素、钍造影剂、α1-抗胰蛋白酶缺乏、免疫抑制、氯乙烯、寄生虫、肝硬化以及乙型肝炎病毒。使用甲胎蛋白测定和现代形态学方法,特别是闪烁扫描,有可能实现肿瘤的早期诊断。肿瘤切除在治疗上是可取的,而选择性化疗仍然是姑息性的,肝移植未能延长生存期。