Riu R
Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 1996 Aug;41(4):389-99.
Rhinoplasties raise relatively specific esthetic problems, but less clearly defined functional problems, particularly in the presence of respiratory obstructive disorders. Nasal mucosal obstructions are essentially due to vasomotor rhinitis (allergic or nonallergic) which becomes chronic. They must be controlled medically as they often induce postoperative respiratory distress. Structural nasal obstructions (septal, turbinates, valves) essentially raise problems of operative indications, particularly for deviated septa. Various clinical, radiological, and rhinomanometric criteria allow evaluation of the structures involved in the increased nasal resistance, definition of the operative indication, selection of the most appropriate surgical technique and quantification of the preoperative and postoperative results.
隆鼻手术会引发相对特定的美学问题，但功能问题的界定则没那么清晰，尤其是在存在呼吸阻塞性疾病的情况下。鼻黏膜阻塞主要是由血管运动性鼻炎（过敏性或非过敏性）发展为慢性所致。由于它们常常会引发术后呼吸窘迫，因此必须通过药物进行控制。结构性鼻阻塞（鼻中隔、鼻甲、鼻瓣膜）主要引发手术适应症的问题，特别是对于鼻中隔偏曲而言。各种临床、放射学和鼻阻力测量标准有助于评估与鼻阻力增加相关的结构，明确手术适应症，选择最合适的手术技术，并对术前和术后结果进行量化。
