Gottesfeld J M, Forbes D J
Department of Molecular Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 1997 Jun;22(6):197-202. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0004(97)01045-1.
Nuclear RNA transcription is silenced when eukaryotic cells enter mitosis. Until recently, this repression was thought to derive solely from the condensation of interphase chromatin into mitotic chromosomes. Recent studies, however, have shown that changes in chromatin structure and occupancy of promoter elements by both general and gene-specific transcription factors also play a role in transcriptional silencing. In addition, studies with simplified systems reveal that reversible phosphorylation of the basal transcriptional machinery represses transcription at mitosis.
当真核细胞进入有丝分裂时，核RNA转录会沉默。直到最近，人们还认为这种抑制仅仅源于间期染色质凝聚成有丝分裂染色体。然而，最近的研究表明，染色质结构的变化以及通用转录因子和基因特异性转录因子对启动子元件的占据在转录沉默中也起作用。此外，对简化系统的研究表明，基础转录机制的可逆磷酸化在有丝分裂时抑制转录。
