Varella L, Jones E, Meguid M M
Department of Surgery, University Hospital, SUNY Health Science Center, N.Y., USA.
Nurse Pract. 1997 Jun;22(6):98-104.
Drug and nutrient interactions are complex and can take many forms, including malabsorption of either the drug or the nutrient component. Some drugs can stimulate or suppress appetite, whereas others can cause nausea and vomiting resulting in inadequate nutritional intake. Absorption of drugs is a complex process that can be affected by the physical characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) as well. Depending on the physical properties of a drug, it may be absorbed in a limited area of the GIT or more diffusely along much of the entire length. Many diseases and conditions are also known to affect the GIT either directly or indirectly. Dietary factors also need to be considered when the "food" is an enteral formula. The widespread use of enteral tubes requires that consideration be given to patients receiving both enteral feedings and medication concurrently. The location of a tube in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the problems involved in crushing and administering solid dosage forms, creates a unique set of problems.
药物与营养物质的相互作用很复杂，可呈现多种形式，包括药物或营养成分的吸收不良。一些药物可刺激或抑制食欲，而其他药物则可导致恶心和呕吐，从而造成营养摄入不足。药物的吸收是一个复杂的过程，也会受到胃肠道（GIT）物理特性的影响。根据药物的物理性质，它可能在胃肠道的有限区域被吸收，或者更广泛地沿整个长度的大部分区域被吸收。许多疾病和状况也已知会直接或间接影响胃肠道。当“食物”是肠内营养制剂时，饮食因素也需要考虑。肠内营养管的广泛使用要求同时考虑接受肠内喂养和药物治疗的患者。营养管在胃肠道中的位置，以及碾碎和服用固体剂型所涉及的问题，产生了一系列独特的问题。
