Wasserman D A, Havassy B E, Boles S M
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1997 Jun 6;46(1-2):1-8. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00048-3.
We investigated traumatic events, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychiatric comorbidity in 450 men and women entering private, hospital-based treatments for cocaine dependence. Overall prevalence of event exposure was the same for women and men; however, women were approximately five times more likely than men to be diagnosed with lifetime and current PTSD. Women experienced more PTSD than men even when exposed to the same type of event. In most subjects with PTSD, onset of the disorder preceded onset of cocaine dependence. Subjects with PTSD were more likely than those without PTSD to have additional co-occurring mental disorders. Findings from this relatively affluent, privately treated sample suggest that PTSD and cocaine dependence are related, independent of patients' resources. They further indicate that the relationship between gender and PTSD is robust across patient populations. More complex examinations of PTSD, cocaine dependence, and gender are needed to better understand these relationships and to design effective interventions.
我们对450名因可卡因成瘾而接受私立医院治疗的男性和女性进行了创伤事件、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）及精神疾病共病情况的调查。男性和女性事件暴露的总体患病率相同；然而，女性被诊断为终生及当前患有创伤后应激障碍的可能性约为男性的五倍。即使暴露于相同类型的事件，女性经历创伤后应激障碍的情况也比男性更多。在大多数患有创伤后应激障碍的受试者中，该障碍的发病早于可卡因成瘾的发病。患有创伤后应激障碍的受试者比未患创伤后应激障碍的受试者更有可能同时患有其他精神障碍。来自这个相对富裕的、接受私立治疗的样本的研究结果表明，创伤后应激障碍与可卡因成瘾有关，且与患者的资源无关。这些结果进一步表明，性别与创伤后应激障碍之间的关系在不同患者群体中都很显著。需要对创伤后应激障碍、可卡因成瘾和性别进行更复杂的研究，以更好地理解这些关系并设计有效的干预措施。
