Willems J P, Saunders J T, Hunt D E, Schorling J B
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
South Med J. 1997 Aug;90(8):814-20. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199708000-00008.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the most common cause of death among blacks, and the difference in CHD mortality between blacks and whites is growing. This trend may be due in part to higher rates of CHD risk factors among blacks. This study was done to determine the prevalence of CHD risk factors among a population-based sample of 403 rural blacks in Virginia.
Community-based screening evaluations included the determination of exercise and smoking habits, blood pressure, height, weight, total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and glycosylated hemoglobin.
The prevalences of smoking (32.5% of men, 20.0% of women), high cholesterol (16.6% of men, 18.9% of women) and sedentary lifestyle (37.5% of men, 66.7% of women) were similar to prevalences reported for other black populations. However, the prevalences of diabetes (13.6% of men, 15.6% of women), hypertension (30.9% of men, 43.1% of women), and obesity (38.7% of men, 64.7% of women) were higher than those reported elsewhere. Increased body mass index was significantly associated with higher prevalences of hypertension, diabetes, and low HDL cholesterol.
Innovative methods are needed to decrease the high risk factor prevalences among this population.
冠心病（CHD）仍是黑人中最常见的死亡原因，且黑人和白人之间的冠心病死亡率差异正在扩大。这种趋势可能部分归因于黑人中冠心病危险因素的较高发生率。本研究旨在确定弗吉尼亚州403名农村黑人的人群样本中冠心病危险因素的患病率。
基于社区的筛查评估包括确定运动和吸烟习惯、血压、身高、体重、总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇以及糖化血红蛋白。
吸烟（男性为32.5%，女性为20.0%）、高胆固醇（男性为16.6%，女性为18.9%）和久坐不动的生活方式（男性为37.5%，女性为66.7%）的患病率与其他黑人人群报告的患病率相似。然而，糖尿病（男性为13.6%，女性为15.6%）、高血压（男性为30.9%，女性为43.1%）和肥胖（男性为38.7%，女性为64.7%）的患病率高于其他地方报告的患病率。体重指数增加与高血压、糖尿病和低HDL胆固醇的较高患病率显著相关。
需要创新方法来降低该人群中高危险因素的患病率。
