Muir P, Norris J L
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
J Small Anim Pract. 1997 Aug;38(8):344-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1997.tb03482.x.
Metacarpal fractures were more common than metatarsal fractures in this retrospective study of 37 dogs. Fractures of one metacarpal or metatarsal bone occurred in 24 per cent of the dogs, two metacarpal bones in 16 per cent, three metacarpal or metatarsal bones in 19 per cent, and four metacarpal or metatarsal bones in 41 per cent. Eighty-seven per cent of the dogs with fractures of four bones had fracture displacement or malalignment of at least one digit. Progressive fracture healing usually occurred irrespective of stabilisation method. For malaligned fractures, however, external coaptation did not consistently improve alignment. Fracture alignment was consistently improved by open reduction and internal fixation of acute fractures with bone plates. Fractures of four bones occurred most often in the distal metacarpus as opposed to the proximal metatarsus. Therefore, open reduction and internal fixation may be more commonly indicated for severe metacarpal fractures, because fracture displacement or axial malalignment was significantly associated with fractures of the mid or distal regions of the metacarpus or metatarsus (P = 0.052).
在这项对37只犬的回顾性研究中，掌骨骨折比跖骨骨折更常见。单根掌骨或跖骨骨折的犬占24%，两根掌骨骨折的占16%，三根掌骨或跖骨骨折的占19%，四根掌骨或跖骨骨折的占41%。在四根骨头骨折的犬中，87%至少有一个趾骨发生骨折移位或对线不良。无论采用何种固定方法，骨折通常都会逐渐愈合。然而，对于对线不良的骨折，外部固定并不能始终改善对线情况。通过用接骨板对急性骨折进行切开复位内固定，骨折对线情况始终得到改善。四根骨头的骨折最常发生在掌骨远端，而不是跖骨近端。因此，切开复位内固定可能更常用于严重掌骨骨折，因为骨折移位或轴向对线不良与掌骨或跖骨中、远端区域的骨折显著相关（P = 0.052）。
