Murray S M, Patil A R, Fahey G C, Merchen N R, Hughes D M
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1997 Sep;75(9):2497-505.
Approximately 25 to 40% of the DM in premium dog diets is animal by-product. However, limited information is available regarding the composition and digestibility of these by-products, especially small intestinal digestibility. The effects of raw and rendered animal by-products incorporated into dog diets on nutrient digestion at the ileum and in the total tract were studied in this experiment. Diets fed contained various animal by-products including a rendered beef meat and bone meal (RMBM); fresh beef (FB); poultry by-product meal (PBPM); fresh poultry (FP); a plant-based control protein source, defatted soy flour (DS); and an animal-based control protein source, dehydrated whole egg (WE). The diets were extruded and kibbled. By-products varied widely in concentrations of OM, CP, amino acids, and fat. Nutrient intakes were numerically higher for FB than for all other treatments. All nutrient intakes were higher (P < .03) for the FB treatment than for the RMBM treatment. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, fat, and GE at the ileum were higher (P < .06) when dogs were fed diets containing FP than when fed diets containing PBPM. Amino acids were highly digestible at the ileum; however, digestibilities of all amino acids except cystine were higher (P < .04) for the diets incorporating FP vs PBPM. Total tract digestion was different among treatments for DM (P < .02), OM (P < .01), and GE (P < .02), and diets containing animal by-products were similar in total tract digestibility, greater than the DS control, and lower than the WE control. Rendering of poultry, but not beef, seemed to have a slight negative influence on small intestinal, but not total tract, digestibility by dogs.
优质犬粮中约25%至40%的干物质是动物副产品。然而,关于这些副产品的组成和消化率,尤其是小肠消化率的信息有限。本实验研究了将生的和经过加工的动物副产品添加到犬粮中对回肠和整个消化道营养物质消化的影响。所喂食的犬粮含有各种动物副产品,包括一种加工过的牛肉肉骨粉(RMBM);新鲜牛肉(FB);禽副产品粉(PBPM);新鲜禽肉(FP);一种植物性对照蛋白源,脱脂大豆粉(DS);以及一种动物性对照蛋白源,脱水全蛋(WE)。犬粮经过挤压和制粒。副产品在有机物质、粗蛋白、氨基酸和脂肪的浓度上差异很大。FB组的营养摄入量在数值上高于所有其他处理组。FB处理组的所有营养摄入量均高于RMBM处理组(P < 0.03)。当给犬喂食含FP的犬粮时,回肠中干物质、有机物质、粗蛋白、脂肪和总能的消化率高于喂食含PBPM犬粮时(P < 0.06)。氨基酸在回肠中的消化率很高;然而,与含PBPM的犬粮相比,含FP的犬粮中除胱氨酸外的所有氨基酸的消化率更高(P < 0.04)。不同处理组之间的干物质(P < 0.02)、有机物质(P < 0.01)和总能(P < 0.02)的全消化道消化率存在差异,含动物副产品的犬粮在全消化道消化率方面相似,高于DS对照组,低于WE对照组。禽肉的加工处理,而非牛肉的加工处理,似乎对犬的小肠消化率有轻微负面影响,但对全消化道消化率没有影响。