Pan X R, Yang W Y, Li G W, Liu J
China-Japan Friendship Hospital, He Ping Li, Beijing, China.
Diabetes Care. 1997 Nov;20(11):1664-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.20.11.1664.
To determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and its risk factors in the Chinese population.
This study was a population-based cross-sectional study of 224,251 residents aged 25-64 years in 19 provinces and areas, including cities and rural areas of the north, south, east, and middle part of China.
Using the 1985 World Health Organization criteria, the prevalence of diabetes and IGT was 2.5 and 3.2%, respectively, in 213,515 subjects aged 25-64 years. Two thirds (70.3%) of the cases had newly recognized diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes in China is about three times higher than it was 10 years ago. On average, subjects with diabetes are older, have higher personal annual incomes, and more often have a family history of diabetes. They also have higher mean BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and a greater prevalence of hypertension. They perform less physical activity and have less education than people with normal oral glucose tolerance test results. Multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis shows that age, BMI (or WHR), family history of diabetes, hypertension, less physical activity, and higher annual income are independent risk factors of NIDDM, and that low education is also an independent risk factor of NIDDM in people with higher personal annual income.
The prevalence of diabetes in China is increasing with economic development and changes from traditional to modernized lifestyle, especially where people had lower level of education and socioeconomic development. Therefore, Chinese people should attempt to retain certain features of their traditional lifestyle (physical activity, healthy food, moderate body weight). Increased knowledge of risk factors for diabetes may help to prevent a further rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes in China.
确定中国人群中糖尿病和糖耐量受损（IGT）的患病率及其危险因素。
本研究是一项基于人群的横断面研究，研究对象为中国19个省和地区（包括中国北部、南部、东部和中部的城市及农村地区）的224,251名年龄在25 - 64岁的居民。
采用1985年世界卫生组织标准，在213,515名年龄在25 - 64岁的研究对象中，糖尿病和IGT的患病率分别为2.5%和3.2%。三分之二（70.3%）的病例为新诊断的糖尿病。中国糖尿病的患病率约为10年前的三倍。平均而言，糖尿病患者年龄更大，个人年收入更高，且更常有糖尿病家族史。他们的平均体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、收缩压、舒张压也更高，高血压患病率更高。与口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果正常者相比，他们的体力活动较少，受教育程度较低。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示，年龄、BMI（或WHR）、糖尿病家族史、高血压、体力活动少和年收入高是2型糖尿病的独立危险因素，而低教育程度也是个人年收入较高人群中2型糖尿病的独立危险因素。
随着中国经济发展以及生活方式从传统向现代化转变，尤其是在教育水平和社会经济发展水平较低的地区，糖尿病患病率正在上升。因此，中国人应尽量保留传统生活方式的某些特点（体力活动、健康饮食、适度体重）。增加对糖尿病危险因素的认识可能有助于防止中国糖尿病患病率进一步快速上升。
