Eaton D L, de Sauvage F J
Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA.
Curr Opin Hematol. 1995 May;2(3):167-71. doi: 10.1097/00062752-199502030-00002.
In 1994 four biotechnology research groups reported the isolation and cloning of the ligand for the cytokine receptor c-Mpl and showed it to be the long-sought regulator of platelet production, thrombopoietin. Thrombopoietin is a hematopoietic growth factor of 332 amino acids composed of an amino terminal domain homologous to erythropoietin and a highly glycosylated carboxyl domain. The erythropoietin-like domain is the functional domain, whereas the glycosylated domain appears to stabilize circulating thrombopoietin. Thrombopoietin stimulates both proliferation of progenitor megakaryocytes and their maturation to platelet-producing megakaryocytes. Thrombopoietin induces dramatic increases in megakaryocyte number and platelet production in mice, indicating that it regulates both thrombopoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis. Thrombopoietin also accelerates the recovery of platelets in myelosuppressed animals, suggesting that it will be clinically useful for the treatment of thrombocytopenia.
1994年，四个生物技术研究小组报告了细胞因子受体c-Mpl配体的分离和克隆，并表明它就是长期以来寻找的血小板生成调节因子——血小板生成素。血小板生成素是一种由332个氨基酸组成的造血生长因子，由一个与促红细胞生成素同源的氨基末端结构域和一个高度糖基化的羧基结构域组成。促红细胞生成素样结构域是功能结构域，而糖基化结构域似乎能稳定循环中的血小板生成素。血小板生成素既能刺激祖巨核细胞的增殖，又能促使它们成熟为产生血小板的巨核细胞。血小板生成素可使小鼠的巨核细胞数量和血小板生成显著增加，这表明它对血小板生成和巨核细胞生成均有调节作用。血小板生成素还能加速骨髓抑制动物血小板的恢复，这表明它在临床上对治疗血小板减少症可能有用。
