Heldin C H, Miyazono K, ten Dijke P
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nature. 1997 Dec 4;390(6659):465-71. doi: 10.1038/37284.
The recent identification of the SMAD family of signal transducer proteins has unravelled the mechanisms by which transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Pathway-restricted SMADs are phosphorylated by specific cell-surface receptors that have serine/threonine kinase activity, then they oligomerize with the common mediator Smad4 and translocate to the nucleus where they direct transcription to effect the cell's response to TGF-beta. Inhibitory SMADs have been identified that block the activation of these pathway-restricted SMADs.
近期对信号转导蛋白SMAD家族的鉴定，揭示了转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）从细胞膜向细胞核传递信号的机制。特定的细胞表面受体（具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性）使特定通路的SMAD蛋白磷酸化，然后它们与共同介质Smad4寡聚化并转运至细胞核，在细胞核中它们指导转录以影响细胞对TGF-β的反应。已鉴定出抑制性SMAD蛋白，它们可阻断这些特定通路SMAD蛋白的激活。
