Blaustein B H, Gurwood A
Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Philadelphia, USA.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1997 Nov;68(11):715-24.
The facial nerve possesses five functional components and manifests a complex course from its origin in the motor cortex to its peripheral distribution. Pathologies that impact the facial nerve in various locations along its route result in characteristic clinical manifestations that often involve other neurologic entities.
Case reports of three patients who manifested lesions of the facial nerve are presented. Each case represents a specific facial nerve pathology occurring within the supranuclear, nuclear, and infranuclear location. An anatomic, regional, and etiologic approach to the spectrum of facial nerve disorders is provided. Additionally, hyperkinetic facial disorders is discussed, and the management of facial nerve palsy is emphasized.
The clinician must understand the fundamental anatomy and distribution of the facial nerve in order to localize lesions and institute the appropriate management. Abnormalities of lid position and insufficient corneal wetting are problematic. All efforts should be directed toward the maintenance of corneal integrity by appropriate wetting strategies.
面神经具有五个功能成分，从其在运动皮层的起源到外周分布呈现出复杂的走行。沿其走行在不同位置影响面神经的病变会导致特征性临床表现，这些表现常涉及其他神经学实体。
介绍了三名表现出面神经病变的患者的病例报告。每个病例代表在核上、核性和核下位置发生的一种特定的面神经病理情况。提供了一种针对面神经疾病谱的解剖学、区域性和病因学方法。此外，还讨论了面部运动亢进性疾病，并强调了面神经麻痹的管理。
临床医生必须了解面神经的基本解剖结构和分布，以便定位病变并采取适当的管理措施。眼睑位置异常和角膜湿润不足是有问题的。应通过适当的湿润策略，将所有努力都指向维持角膜完整性。
