Traoré S, Diarrassouba S, Hébrard G, Rivière F
Entomologiste médical de l'OCCGE, Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1997;90(3):196-9.
Several studies have been carried out on the transmission of Onchocerciasis by Simulium damnosum s.l. in the forest zone of Côte d'Ivoire. This study, carried out in 1979-1980 was devoted to determine the risk of onchocerciasis transmission inside and outside the rain forest of Taï (5 degrees 50' N-7 degrees 25' W). We present the vectorial capacity of S. sanctipauli in the region of Taï before massive flow of refugees from areas of Liberia without any control Programme. The results of micromorphological technics for determination of S. damnosum adults, showed that mainly females of S. sanctipauli were present. The studied populations had low parturity rates: 39.2% outside and 30.9% of parous flies inside the rain forest. The parasitic rates (0.4% of infectious females outside and 0.1% inside) and their parasitic loads (15 and 3 infective larvae per 1000 parous female respectively outside and inside the rain forest) were low, consequently their vectorial capacity with Onchocerca volvulus was almost non-existent in natural conditions. Before massive flow of refugees including persons carrying microfilariae, there were no problem of onchocerciasis within and outside the rain forest of Taï. However, the massive flow of refugees and the deforestation for growing crops can create situations favourable to the installation of more efficient vectors, increase man/vector contact and contribute to more intense onchocerciasis transmission. The monitoring of onchocerciasis transmission is necessary.
关于多毛蚋在科特迪瓦森林地区传播盘尾丝虫病的研究已有多项。这项于1979年至1980年开展的研究旨在确定塔伊雨林（北纬5度50分 - 西经7度25分）内外盘尾丝虫病的传播风险。我们呈现了在没有任何防治计划的情况下，来自利比里亚地区的大量难民涌入之前，塔伊地区圣保罗氏蚋的媒介能力。用于鉴定多毛蚋成虫的微观形态学技术结果显示，主要存在的是圣保罗氏蚋的雌性。所研究的种群产仔率较低：雨林外为39.2%，雨林内为30.9%。寄生率（雨林外感染性雌虫为0.4%，雨林内为0.1%）及其寄生负荷（雨林外和雨林内每1000只产仔雌虫分别有15条和3条感染性幼虫）都很低，因此在自然条件下它们传播旋盘尾丝虫的媒介能力几乎不存在。在包括携带微丝蚴者在内的大量难民涌入之前，塔伊雨林内外均不存在盘尾丝虫病问题。然而，大量难民的涌入以及为种植作物而进行的森林砍伐可能会创造有利于更高效媒介滋生的条件，增加人与媒介的接触，并导致盘尾丝虫病传播加剧。因此有必要对盘尾丝虫病的传播进行监测。
