Reyes A, Chavarría E, Rodríguez-Medina C M, Veldhuis J D, Rosado A
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Biología de la Reproducción, Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia No. 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, IMSS, México, D.F.
Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1997 Oct;65:401-12.
The knowledge and treatment of human reproduction impairments have had an outstanding development during the last 15 years, mainly in topics related with infertility and sterility. Unfortunately in the area of male reproduction development has not been the same and despite the efforts accomplished, progress in the diagnosis and therapeutics of male infertility is limited. The functions of the male gonad are sperm production as well as the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones, mainly testosterone. The efficient regulation of these functions depends on both the precise pituitary secretion of gonadotropic hormones and the endocrine, paracrine and autocrine responses of the testicular somatic cells to this stimulation. In this review we discuss the main events associated with the spermatogenic process, including the interactions among the testicular somatic cells and some characteristics of the physiological function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicle axis, as well as some pathophysiological states related to male infertility due to "pretesticular causes".
在过去15年中，人类生殖障碍的知识和治疗取得了显著进展，主要集中在与不孕不育相关的主题上。遗憾的是，在男性生殖领域，进展并不相同，尽管付出了诸多努力，但男性不育症的诊断和治疗进展仍然有限。男性性腺的功能包括精子生成以及类固醇激素（主要是睾酮）的合成与分泌。这些功能的有效调节既依赖于促性腺激素精确的垂体分泌，也依赖于睾丸体细胞对这种刺激的内分泌、旁分泌和自分泌反应。在本综述中，我们讨论了与精子发生过程相关的主要事件，包括睾丸体细胞之间的相互作用、下丘脑 - 垂体 - 睾丸轴生理功能的一些特征，以及一些由于“睾丸前因素”导致的与男性不育相关的病理生理状态。
