Chandler J M, Duncan P W, Kochersberger G, Studenski S
Epidemiology Department, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486-0004, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Jan;79(1):24-30. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90202-7.
Strength loss is strongly associated with functional decline and is reversible with exercise. The effect of increased strength on function has not been clearly established. The purpose of this study was to determine whether strength gain is associated with improvement in physical performance and disability.
One hundred functionally impaired community-dwelling men and women (77.6 +/- 7.6 yrs) were tested at baseline and outcome for lower extremity strength, physical performance, and disability. After random group assignment, exercise participants received strengthening exercises in their homes three times a week for 10 weeks while control subjects continued their normal activities. Using multiple regression techniques, the relationship between strength gain and improvement in physical performance and disability was assessed, controlling for age, depression, and baseline strength.
A significant impact of strength gain on mobility skills (p = .0009) was found. The impact of strength gain on chair rise performance was significant in participants who were more impaired (p = .04). Strength gain was associated with gain in gait speed (p = .02) and in falls efficacy (p = .05), but not with other balance, endurance, or disability measures.
Lower extremity strength gain is associated with gains in chair rise performance, gait speed, and in mobility tasks such as gait, transfers, stooping, and stair climbing, but not with improved endurance, balance, or disability. Strength gain is also associated with improvement in confidence in mobility. Factors that may influence the ability of strength gain to affect function are initial level of frailty and specificity of exercise. These results support the idea that strength training is an intervention that can potentially improve physical health status in many frail elders.
力量丧失与功能衰退密切相关，且可通过锻炼逆转。力量增强对功能的影响尚未明确确立。本研究的目的是确定力量增加是否与身体机能和残疾状况的改善相关。
对100名功能受损的社区居家男性和女性（77.6±7.6岁）进行基线测试以及下肢力量、身体机能和残疾状况的结局测试。随机分组后，运动组参与者每周三次在家中进行强化锻炼，持续10周，而对照组继续其正常活动。使用多元回归技术，评估力量增加与身体机能和残疾状况改善之间的关系，并对年龄、抑郁和基线力量进行控制。
发现力量增加对活动技能有显著影响（p = 0.0009）。在受损程度较重的参与者中，力量增加对从椅子上起身的表现有显著影响（p = 0.04）。力量增加与步速增加（p = 0.02）和跌倒效能增加（p = 0.05）相关，但与其他平衡、耐力或残疾指标无关。
下肢力量增加与从椅子上起身的表现、步速以及诸如步态、转移、弯腰和爬楼梯等活动任务的改善相关，但与耐力、平衡改善或残疾状况无关。力量增加还与活动信心的改善相关。可能影响力量增加对功能影响能力的因素是虚弱的初始水平和锻炼的特异性。这些结果支持了力量训练是一种可潜在改善许多体弱老年人身体健康状况的干预措施这一观点。
