[西班牙东北部监狱人群入狱时丙型肝炎病毒感染的血清流行率]

[Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection at the time of entry to prison in the prison population in the north-east of Spain].

作者信息

Martín Sánchez V, Ferrer Castro V, Pallas Álvarez J R, Alonso Herrero L E, Andrés Honorato M, Coterillo González M J, García Marcos L S, González Márquez J, Hernández Alonso I, LLanos Gallegos M, Mallada García E, Martínez Martínez M L, Morillo Pérez M, Pérez Martínez I, Valles Martínez J

出版信息

Rev Esp Salud Publica. 1998 Jan-Feb;72(1):43-51.

PMID:9477715

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Spanish prisons have a high number of inmates whose behaviour puts them at risk of being infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). The object of this study was to establish the prevalence of this infection and its associated factors in the prison population of the north-east of Spain.

METHODS

Inmates in seven prisons in the north-east of Spain were studied. Socio-demographic and prison variables were gathered, as well as risk factors for infection by HCV. Antibodies against HCV were determined (EIA and INNO-LIA HCV III), Hepatitis B virus (VHB) (EIA), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (EIA and Western-Blott). The analysis of associated factors was based on logistic regression.

RESULTS

Of the total number of inmates studied, 47.9% presented HCV antibodies. There was greater prevalence in the case of the following: UDVP (89.6%); those who shared needles (94%); those infected by HIV (92.7%); carriers of Australia antigen (65.1%) and antibodies to the HBV core antigen (79.8%); those who had been in prison before (60.9%); unmarried men (54.8%); gypsies (52%); unqualified workers (50.4%); those who had no basic school qualifications (50.9%); those with tattoos (66.7%); and those with a background of self-inflicted injuries (79.3%). In the logistic regression analysis the variables associated to infection by HCV were: UDVP (OR = 33.3; I.C. 95% = 25-50), HBcAc (+) (OR = 4.1; I.C. 95% = 1.1-5.3), age (OR = 0.98; I.C. 95% = 0.96-1.00), months in prison (OR = 1.011; I.C. 95% = 1.004-1.019) and a background of previous prison sentences (OR = 2.3; I.C. 95% = 1.5-3.6).

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of infection by HCV in prison inmates is very high. It is therefore recommended that preventive measures be increased (harm reduction programmes) and that clinical and analysis protocols be drawn up for those infected and for treatment in cases of chronic active hepatitis in order to control this serious public health problem.

摘要

背景

西班牙监狱中有大量囚犯，其行为使他们面临感染丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的风险。本研究的目的是确定西班牙东北部监狱人群中这种感染的患病率及其相关因素。

方法

对西班牙东北部七所监狱的囚犯进行了研究。收集了社会人口统计学和监狱相关变量，以及HCV感染的危险因素。检测了抗HCV抗体（酶免疫分析和免疫印迹法HCV III）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）（酶免疫分析）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）（酶免疫分析和免疫印迹法）。相关因素分析基于逻辑回归。

结果

在研究的囚犯总数中，47.9%呈现抗HCV抗体。以下情况患病率更高：UDVP（89.6%）；共用针头者（94%）；HIV感染者（92.7%）；澳大利亚抗原携带者（65.1%）和抗HBV核心抗原抗体携带者（79.8%）；曾入狱者（60.9%）；未婚男性（54.8%）；吉普赛人（52%）；无资质工人（50.4%）；没有基础教育学历者（50.9%）；有纹身者（66.7%）；有自我伤害史者（79.3%）。在逻辑回归分析中，与HCV感染相关的变量为：UDVP（比值比=33.3；95%置信区间=25 - 50）、抗HBcAc（+）（比值比=4.1；95%置信区间=1.1 - 5.3）、年龄（比值比=0.98；95%置信区间=0.96 - 1.00）、入狱月数（比值比=1.011；95%置信区间=1.004 - 1.019）和有前科（比值比=2.3；95%置信区间=1.5 - 3.6）。