Stella M L, Mircoli L, Mangoni A A, Giannattasio C, Ferrari A U, Mancia G
CNR and Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, Italy.
J Hypertens. 1997 Dec;15(12 Pt 2):1665-9. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199715120-00070.
In essential hypertension, the mechanical properties of the radial artery have been shown to be largely unaltered, whereas more controversial and less reliable data have been obtained for the common carotid artery. We therefore examined the distensibility/pressure relationships of the predominantly elastic common carotid artery and of the predominantly muscle-type femoral artery in 12-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
Eleven 12-week-old SHR and 10 age-matched WKY rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured by catheters inserted in the common carotid and in the femoral arteries, while contralateral arterial diameter was continuously recorded via an echo-tracking device. Arterial compliance was derived according to the Langewouters formula, and its values were normalized for the diameter, to obtain distensibility/pressure curves and to calculate the distensibility index. The Peterson elastic modulus was also calculated in order to obtain a pressure-independent estimate of arterial mechanical properties.
Femoral artery distensibility/pressure curves and distensibility index were similar in the two groups of rats, the latter being 1.13+/-0.13 mm/mmHg10(-3) in SHR and 1.28+/-0.15 mm/mmHg10(-3) in WKY rats (means+/-SEM; NS). In contrast, in SHR, common carotid artery mechanical properties were clearly impaired, as shown by a marked reduction in distensibility index (2.55+/-0.16 mm/mmHg10(-3) in SHR versus 3.4+/-0.3 mm/mmHg10(-3) in WKY rats; P< 0.05), and by a significant increase in the Peterson elastic modulus.
In the SHR model, high blood pressure alters the mechanics of large arteries even in the relatively early stage of the disease; however, the alterations are not homogeneous inasmuch elastic-type vessels are affected to a much greater extent than muscle-type vessels.
在原发性高血压中，已表明桡动脉的力学特性基本未改变，而关于颈总动脉的数据则更具争议且可靠性较低。因此，我们研究了12周龄正常血压的Wistar - Kyoto（WKY）大鼠和自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）中主要为弹性的颈总动脉以及主要为肌肉型的股动脉的扩张性/压力关系。
11只12周龄的SHR和10只年龄匹配的WKY大鼠用戊巴比妥钠麻醉。通过插入颈总动脉和股动脉的导管测量血压和脉搏率，同时通过回声跟踪装置连续记录对侧动脉直径。根据Langewouters公式得出动脉顺应性，并将其值按直径进行归一化，以获得扩张性/压力曲线并计算扩张性指数。还计算了彼得森弹性模量，以获得与压力无关的动脉力学特性估计值。
两组大鼠的股动脉扩张性/压力曲线和扩张性指数相似，SHR组的扩张性指数为1.13±0.13 mm/mmHg×10⁻³，WKY大鼠组为1.28±0.15 mm/mmHg×10⁻³（均值±标准误；无显著性差异）。相比之下，在SHR中，颈总动脉的力学特性明显受损，表现为扩张性指数显著降低（SHR组为2.55±0.16 mm/mmHg×10⁻³，WKY大鼠组为3.4±0.3 mm/mmHg×10⁻³；P<0.05），以及彼得森弹性模量显著增加。
在SHR模型中，高血压即使在疾病相对早期也会改变大动脉的力学特性；然而，这种改变并不均匀，因为弹性型血管比肌肉型血管受到的影响要大得多。
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