True W R, Heath A C, Scherrer J F, Waterman B, Goldberg J, Lin N, Eisen S A, Lyons M J, Tsuang M T
St Louis University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, MO 63108-3342, USA.
Addiction. 1997 Oct;92(10):1277-87.
We estimate the magnitude of genetic and shared environmental contributions to risk of initiation and maintenance of smoking. Genetic models were fitted to data from 2,204 male-male monozygotic and 1,793 male-male dizygotic twin pairs from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry who responded to smoking questions on a 1987 mail and telephone survey. The best fitting model allowed for both genetic and shared environmental effects on smoking initiation, accounting for 50% and 30% of the variance in risk, but allowed for only genetic effects, (accounting for 70% of the variance in risk), on persistence in smoking among those who had become regular smokers. This finding of a major genetic influence on smoking persistence confirms similar results from studies in Scandinavia and Australia. The role of heritable traits such as nicotine sensitivity should be addressed in smoking prevention and cessation efforts.
我们估计了基因和共同环境因素对吸烟起始和维持风险的影响程度。采用遗传模型对越南战争时期双胞胎登记处2204对男性同卵双胞胎和1793对男性异卵双胞胎的数据进行拟合，这些双胞胎在1987年的邮件和电话调查中回答了吸烟相关问题。最适合的模型表明，基因和共同环境因素对吸烟起始均有影响，分别解释了风险差异的50%和30%；但对于已成为经常吸烟者的吸烟维持情况，仅基因因素有影响（解释了风险差异的70%）。这一发现表明基因对吸烟维持有重大影响，证实了斯堪的纳维亚和澳大利亚的类似研究结果。在吸烟预防和戒烟工作中，应关注尼古丁敏感性等遗传特征所起的作用。
