Trapeznikova M F, Urenkov S B, Kulachkov S M, Vatazin A V, Perlin D V
Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1998 Jan-Feb(1):3-7.
Ureteral complications including stricture of the ureter and necrosis of the ureter with urinoma are the most frequent urological complications after renal transplantation. About 1-12% of recipients suffer from these complications. Percutaneous techniques allow correction of ureteral complications by less traumatic than open surgical operations and sufficiently effective method. Ureteral complications were registered in 20 cases (3.6%) out of 561 renal transplantations carried out in our institute from 1990 to 1995. Only in 5 cases open surgical correction was necessary, 15 patients after percutaneous nephrostomy underwent bougienage and/or balloon dilatation of ureter with further antegrade stenting. In all percutaneous operations special stent-nephrostoma developed in our department was used. Use of the stent-nephrostoma with its further transformation into the ureteral stent has some substantial advantages versus routine stent procedure.
输尿管并发症包括输尿管狭窄以及输尿管坏死伴尿瘤形成，是肾移植后最常见的泌尿外科并发症。约1% - 12%的受者会出现这些并发症。经皮技术能够以比开放性外科手术创伤更小且足够有效的方法来纠正输尿管并发症。在1990年至1995年期间，我院进行的561例肾移植手术中，有20例（3.6%）出现了输尿管并发症。仅5例需要进行开放性手术矫正，15例经皮肾造瘘术后的患者接受了输尿管探条扩张术和/或球囊扩张术，并进一步进行了顺行支架置入术。在所有经皮手术中，均使用了我院自行研制的特殊支架 - 肾造瘘管。与常规支架置入术相比，使用这种支架 - 肾造瘘管并使其进一步转化为输尿管支架具有一些显著优势。
