Wynne-Davies R, Lloyd-Roberts G C
Arch Dis Child. 1976 Aug;51(8):618-23. doi: 10.1136/adc.51.8.618.
In a family and epidemiological survey of 66 cases of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita all cases were found to be sporadic and no family association with clubfoot, congenital dislocation of the hip, or hereditary neuromuscular disease was found. The mothers were significantly older than average. Oligohydramnios was noted in only one-third of cases but many other complications of pregnancy, including probable attempts at abortion, had occurred. It is likely that most cases of arthrogryposis are nongenetic and result from a defective intrauterine environment, whether hormonal, vascular, mechanical, or possibly infective.
在一项对66例先天性多发性关节挛缩症患者的家族及流行病学调查中，所有病例均为散发性，未发现与马蹄内翻足、先天性髋关节脱位或遗传性神经肌肉疾病存在家族关联。母亲的年龄显著高于平均水平。仅三分之一的病例出现羊水过少，但发生了许多其他妊娠并发症，包括可能的流产尝试。先天性多发性关节挛缩症的大多数病例可能并非遗传所致，而是由子宫内环境缺陷引起，无论是激素、血管、机械因素，还是可能的感染因素。
