Shoff S M, Newcomb P A, Mares-Perlman J A, Klein B E, Haffner S M, Storer B E, Klein R
University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison 53706, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 1998;30(3):207-12. doi: 10.1080/01635589809514665.
Consumption of phytoestrogens may reduce hormone-dependent cancer risk through alterations in the actions or metabolism of steroid hormones. Studies in humans of phytoestrogen-hormone interactions have been limited and inconsistent. Relations between the consumption of phytoestrogen-containing foods and serum sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin were studied in a population-based sample of postmenopausal women who participated in the Nutritional Factors in Eye Disease Study of the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Information on phytoestrogen-containing foods (broccoli, carrots, cauliflower, chili, dark bread, peas, and dried beans) was collected by interviewer-administered food-frequency questionnaires. Estrone, sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and total and free testosterone were measured. Analyses included 246 postmenopausal women not taking hormone replacements. Partial correlations between hormones and intake of phytoestrogen-containing foods were computed, with adjustment for age, body mass index, years since menopause, and total energy intake. Number of standard servings per week of whole-grain products from the dark bread group was inversely associated with total testosterone (r = -0.20, p = 0.002). Although not statistically significant, other hormones displayed similar inverse associations with dark bread consistent with a common metabolic pathway. Although the magnitude of association was small, the data are consistent with the possibility that consumption of some phytoestrogen-containing foods may affect levels of testosterone in postmenopausal women.
食用植物雌激素可能通过改变甾体激素的作用或代谢来降低激素依赖性癌症的风险。关于植物雌激素与激素相互作用的人体研究一直有限且结果不一致。在参加比弗迪姆眼病研究中眼病营养因素研究的绝经后女性人群样本中，研究了含植物雌激素食物的摄入量与血清性激素及性激素结合球蛋白之间的关系。通过访员管理的食物频率问卷收集了关于含植物雌激素食物（西兰花、胡萝卜、花椰菜、辣椒、黑面包、豌豆和干豆）的信息。测定了雌酮、性激素结合球蛋白、硫酸脱氢表雄酮以及总睾酮和游离睾酮。分析纳入了246名未服用激素替代药物的绝经后女性。计算了激素与含植物雌激素食物摄入量之间的偏相关性，并对年龄、体重指数、绝经年限和总能量摄入进行了校正。黑面包组全谷物产品每周的标准食用份数与总睾酮呈负相关（r = -0.20，p = 0.002）。尽管无统计学意义，但其他激素与黑面包也显示出类似的负相关，这与共同的代谢途径一致。尽管关联程度较小，但数据表明食用某些含植物雌激素的食物可能会影响绝经后女性的睾酮水平。
