Rhoads D M, Brunner-Neuenschwander B, Levings C S, Siedow J N
Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-1000, USA.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Jun 1;354(1):158-64. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1998.0671.
URF13 is a mitochondrially encoded protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane of maize (Zea mays L.) carrying the cms-T cytoplasm. This protein is responsible for Texas-type cytoplasmic sterility and is a ligand-gated, pore-forming receptor for the pathotoxins of fungal pathogens Bipolaris maydis race T and Phyllosticta maydis. URF13 contains three transmembrane alpha-helices, with amphipathic helices II and III likely involved in pore formation, and is present as oligomers in cms-T maize mitochondria and when expressed in Escherichia coli cells. To study tertiary and quaternary structures of URF13 oligomers, we employed combinations of site-directed mutagenesis and chemical cross-linking. We introduced Cys residues individually into consecutive positions 78-82, believed to be in helix III. We expressed these proteins in E. coli cells and tested for cross-linking through disulfide bond formation or by using Cys-Cys cross-linkers. URF13-R79C, URF13-R81C, and URF13-T82C were cross-linked using Cys-Cys-specific cross-linkers, as were double mutants URF13-C27R/R79C, URF13-C27R/R81C, and URF13-C27R/T82C, indicating that the cross-linking was between introduced Cys residues on adjacent URF13 molecules. Disulfide bond formation, induced by diamide, was seen only in URF13-T82C and URF13-C27R/T82C, indicating that Cys residues introduced into position 82 are closely juxtaposed in the oligomers. Based on these observations, we modified the models for the secondary structure of URF13 and the tertiary structure of the URF13 oligomers. Sequential cross-linking of URF13-R81C oligomers with bismaleimidohexane (Cys-Cys cross-linker) and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (Lys-Asp/Glu cross-linker) suggests that URF13 oligomers consist of an even number of monomers.
URF13是玉米(Zea mays L.)携带cms-T细胞质的线粒体内膜中由线粒体编码的蛋白质。该蛋白质负责德州型细胞质雄性不育,是真菌病原体玉米小斑病菌T小种(Bipolaris maydis race T)和玉米叶点霉(Phyllosticta maydis)的致病毒素的配体门控孔形成受体。URF13包含三个跨膜α螺旋,两亲性螺旋II和III可能参与孔的形成,并且在cms-T玉米线粒体中以及在大肠杆菌细胞中表达时以寡聚体形式存在。为了研究URF13寡聚体的三级和四级结构,我们采用了定点诱变和化学交联相结合的方法。我们将半胱氨酸(Cys)残基逐个引入到被认为位于螺旋III中的连续位置78-82。我们在大肠杆菌细胞中表达这些蛋白质,并通过二硫键形成或使用Cys-Cys交联剂测试交联情况。URF13-R79C、URF13-R81C和URF13-T82C使用Cys-Cys特异性交联剂进行了交联,双突变体URF13-C27R/R79C、URF13-C27R/R81C和URF13-C27R/T82C也是如此,这表明交联发生在相邻URF13分子上引入的Cys残基之间。由二酰胺诱导的二硫键形成仅在URF13-T82C和URF13-C27R/T82C中观察到,这表明引入到位置82的Cys残基在寡聚体中紧密相邻。基于这些观察结果,我们修改了URF13二级结构和URF13寡聚体三级结构的模型。URF13-R81C寡聚体与双马来酰亚胺己烷(Cys-Cys交联剂)和N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺(Lys-Asp/Glu交联剂)的顺序交联表明URF13寡聚体由偶数个单体组成。